| 林丽王淑霞姜淑娟郭聪颖杨丽.护士职业压力与职业倦怠的相关性研究*[J].,2014,14(10):1953-1956 |
| 护士职业压力与职业倦怠的相关性研究* |
| A study of the Relationship between Occupational Stressand Job Burnout of Nurses* |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 护士 职业压力 职业倦怠 |
| 英文关键词: Nurses Occupational stress Job burnout |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2010034) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要目的：了解护士职业压力、职业倦怠现状；探讨两者之间的关系。方法：方便抽样，抽取哈尔滨市5所三级医院的468 名护士
进行问卷调查。采用护士一般情况调查表、护士工作压力源量表、职业倦怠量表进行调查。结果：护士职业倦怠程度为中等，去人
格化属于中度倦怠，情感衰竭、低成就感程度达到了高度倦怠；职业压力得分为87.56± 20.43，以工作量及时间分配维度压力最
高，病人护理维度压力最低。情感耗竭与除工作环境及资源之外的职业压力维度呈显著正相关；去人格化与职业压力各维度均呈
显著正相关；低成就感与职业压力中护理专业及工作、病人护理呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。护士职业压力各维度对其职业倦怠的3
个维度均有较好的预测作用，尤其对护士情感耗竭的解释程度达25.5%。结论：护士职业倦怠现象不容忽视，护理管理者有针对性
的对护士进行管理，鼓励护士加强自身修养、学会自我疏导，适当授权等是降低护士职业倦怠的正性激励措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective：To investigate the present situation of occupational stress and job burnout of nurses in Harbin and to analyze
the correlation between occupational stress and job burnout of nurses. Methods：468 subjects in 5 hospitals of Harbin were obtained by
using convenience sampling method.Research instruments used in this study has three parts,including demographic questionnaire, Nurses
Job Stressors Scale and Maslach's Burnout Inventory.Results：The degree of the job burnout among nurses was a middle level. Depersonalization
was moderate burnout, emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment were severity burnout. The score of nurses'occupational
stress was 87.56 ± 20.43,the subscale of workload and time management was the highest,while the subscale of caring for and
interaction with patients was the lowest in the five subscales of occupational stress. Emotional exhaustion of nurses was positively
correlated with subscales of occupational stress of nurses other than problems with resource and working environment; depersonalization
of nurses was positively correlated with all subscales of occupational stress; personal accomplishment of nurses were negatively
correlated with professional and career issues,caring for and interaction with patients (P<0.05). The subscales of occupational stress had
significantly effect on the three dimensions of job burnout.In particular, the degree which they explained emotional exhaustion was
25.5%.Conclusion： The present situation of job burnout is severe in nurses.Giving target-oriented management to nurses, encouraging
nurses to strengthen their own self-cultivation and learn to self-ease,entitling nurses some authority are important methods to prevent job
burnout. |
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