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目的：B 族维生素以辅酶的形式参与糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢，本文观察硫胺素、核黄素和烟酰胺补充对高脂饲料诱导大鼠肥胖的影响。方法：采用预防肥胖模型法，2× 2× 2 析因设计分为8 组：高脂对照组（F0 组），高脂+ 硫胺素（F1 组），高脂+ 核黄素（F2 组），高脂+ 烟酰胺（F3 组），高脂+ 硫胺素+ 核黄素（F4 组），高脂+ 硫胺素+ 烟酰胺（F5 组），高脂+ 核黄素+ 烟酰胺（F6 组），高脂+ 硫胺素+ 核黄素+ 烟酰胺（F7 组），每组12 只大鼠，给予高脂饲料喂养，同时硫胺素(100 mg/kg bw/d)、核黄素(100 mg/kg bw/d)、烟酰胺(250 mg/kg bw/d)灌胃，另设正常对照组（C组）12 只，普通饲料喂养，自来水灌胃，15 周后，分析其体重、摄食量、体脂重量、血脂等实验前后的变化情况及各组动物之间的差别。结果：经过15 周喂养后，高脂喂养大鼠体重比正常对照组平均增加了15.7%；而补充烟酰胺（F3）及联合硫胺素（F5）或核黄素（F6）以及三者联合补充（F7）组高脂喂养大鼠与高脂对照组（F0）相比，体重分别降低了35.0%，30.0%，30.1%和30.6%（P 值均小于0.05）；甚至比正常对照组大鼠平均体重分别下降了22.8%， 17.0%，17.0%和17.7%（P 值均小于0.05）；而补充核黄素或和硫胺素组大鼠体重没有明显增加或降低（P值均大于0.05）。血脂分析结果显示高脂喂养并联合补充核黄素或/和烟酰胺和/或硫胺素组大鼠血清CHOL 和LDL 水平明显低于高脂对照组；而高脂喂养并联合补充烟酰胺（F3）及联合硫胺素（F5）或核黄素（F6）以及三者联合补充（F7）组大鼠LDL/HDL比值分别0.29、0.26、0.25 和0.26，明显低于F0 组的0.37（P 值均小于0.05）。结论：大剂量烟酰胺可有效地调节血脂水平和控制肥胖大鼠的体重增长，而核黄素及硫胺素对控制肥胖大鼠体重增长的作用不明显，尚待进一步研究；核黄素只能够降低血脂水平，提示大剂量烟酰胺可通过增加机体的能量代谢来控制体重的增长。

英文摘要:

Objective:Vitamin B participates in glucose, lipid and protein metabolism in formof coenzyme. In order to investigate the effect of high-dose thiamin, riboflavin and nicotinamide on blood lipid and body weight in obese rats induced by high-fat diet.Methods:96 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to gavage thiamin, riboflavin or nicotinamide either along or in combination for 15 weeks using 2× 2× 2 factorial design. All the rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (each group n=12): high-fat model (F0), fat+ thiamin (F1), fat+ riboflavin (F2), fat+nicotinamide (F3), fat+thiamin+riboflavin(F4), fat + thiamin + nicotinamide(F5), fat+ riboflavin + nicotinamide(F6), and fat+ thiamin+ riboflavin+ nicotinamide(F7). All the rats were fed with high-fat diets. The rats in the control group were fed normal diet. In the end of the experiment, body weight and fats around kidney and spermary were weighted and blood serum was collected to determine blood lipid.Results:15-weeks later, compared with that in the normal control group, the body weight of high-fat induced rats increased by 15.7 %; Compared with that in the high-fat control group, the body weight dropped 35.0 %, 30.0 %, 30.1 % and 30.6 % respectively in fat+ nicotinamide, fat+ thiamin + nicotinamide, fat+ riboflavin + nicotinamide and fat+ thiamin + riboflavin + nicotinamide group (P<0.05); Compared with that in the normal control group, the body weight even dropped 22.8 %, 17.0 %, 17.0 % and 17.7 % respectively (P<0.05); However the body weight of the rats of thiamin and/or riboflavin administration did not increased or decreased significantly (P>0.05). Cholesterol (CHOL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the experimental groups (in addition to the thiamin group) were significantly lower than that in the high-fat control group; However, LDL/HDL was 0.29, 0.26, 0.25 and 0.26 respectively in F3, F5, F6 and F7 group, and it was significantly lower than that in the high-fat control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:High-dose nicotinamide can effectively regulate the level of blood lipid and control the body weight gain of obese rats; However thiamin and riboflavin can not effectively control the body weight gain of obesity rats, so further studies are required to confirmthe findings. Riboflavin just reduces the levers of the blood lipid, which suggests that high-dose nicotinamide controls the body weight gain through increasing the energy metabolismin the organism.

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