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子宫内膜息肉（ endometrial polyps， EMP）由子宫内膜腺体和含有厚壁血管的纤维化内膜间质构成，是局部子宫内膜过度增生形成的有蒂或无蒂的赘生物。子宫内膜息肉是最常见的子宫内膜病变之一，临床表现为子宫不规则出血, 或月经量增多、不孕、绝经后出血等, 也可无明显临床症状。子宫内膜息肉多数属良性病变，但其可恶变性已经被证实。子宫内膜息肉的发病机制目前尚不明确，传统观点认为其与慢性子宫内膜炎症有关，属慢性炎症范畴，即为生物致炎因子及长期反复机械性刺激所致的反应性增生物；近年来随着分子生物学研究的深入，发现子宫内膜息肉的发生与可能与激素调控下增殖与凋亡失衡相关。近来随着宫腔镜检查技术的推广及激素补充治疗人数的增多，子宫内膜息肉的发病率及检出率逐渐增加，加之经刮宫或电切治疗后复发率非常高，因此，子宫内膜息肉越来越受到临床医生的重视，现将子宫内膜息肉的研究进展作一综述。

英文摘要:

Composition of uterine endometrial polyps by endometrial glands and contains thick wall vessel fibrosis endometrial stromal, local endometrial hyperplasia formation in the presence or absence of a pedicle vegetations. Endometrial polyps endometrial lesion is one of the most common, the clinical manifestations of irregular uterine bleeding, or menorrhagia, infertility, postmenopausal bleeding, with no obvious clinical symptoms. Endometrial polyps most benign lesions, but the wicked degeneration has been confirmed. The pathogenesis of endometrial polyps is unknown, the traditional view is that it is associated with chronic endometrial inflammation, is a chronic inflammation category, the biological proinflammatory cytokines and repeated mechanical stimulation reaction induced by growth; In recent years, with the development of molecular biology research, showed that the occurrence of uterine endometrial polyps and may be associated with proliferation and apoptosis imbalance of hormone regulation. In recent years, with the increasing number of promotion and hormone replacement therapy by hysteroscopy technology, endometrial polyp incidence rate and detection rate of increase, combined with curettage or resection after treatment the recurrence rate is very high. Therefore, endometrial polyps more and more by the clinician's attention, the research progress of endometrial polyps will be reviewed.

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