| 陈凤琴,刘素哲,张采红,王丽丽,张 瑾.住院儿童肺炎发病情况及病毒病原学分析[J].,2019,19(12):2340-2343 |
| 住院儿童肺炎发病情况及病毒病原学分析 |
| Incidence and Viral Pathogenic Analysis of Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-08 修订日期：2018-12-29 |
| DOI：10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2019.12.030 |
| 中文关键词: 住院儿童 肺炎 季节 病毒病原学 发病情况 |
| 英文关键词: Hospitalized children Pneumonia Season Viral pathogens Incidence |
| 基金项目:河北省科技支撑重点计划项目（15277705D） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要 目的：统计我院1-7岁住院儿童肺炎发病情况并进行病毒病原学分析。方法：收集2015年1月到2017年12月河北省人民医院1-7岁住院儿童8532例的临床资料，统计不同年龄段的肺炎患儿、重症肺炎患儿的发病情况及不同季节肺炎分布特点，统计不同病毒病原体住院肺炎儿童入院时的症状或体征情况，记录住院肺炎儿童并发症发生情况。结果：8532例住院儿童中，肺炎患儿2476例。1岁患儿肺炎、重症肺炎的发病率均最高，分别为54.67%（703/1286）、1.14%（8/703）；7岁患儿肺炎发病率最低，为12.52%（126/1006）；6岁和7岁重症肺炎发病率均为0.00%。冬季肺炎发病率最高，为33.38%（724/2169），春季、夏季、秋季发病率相当。病毒病原学显示，至少1种病毒检测阳性的有2061例，阳性率为83.24%。腺病毒和偏肺病毒阳性患儿出现发热、呼吸急促和呼吸困难的比例高于其他病毒感染；各种病毒阳性病例中，咳嗽、咳痰、流涕等呼吸道症状出现的频率相当。住院肺炎患儿中出现并发症以呼吸衰竭为主，占比为21.16%，其次是心力衰竭，占比为14.82%，脓毒血症的发生率为8.72%，其他并发症发生率均较低。结论：2015-2017年我院1-7岁住院儿童肺炎和重症肺炎的发生率以1岁最高，且随着年龄的增长发病率呈下降趋势，冬季最多见，病毒病原体中以腺病毒和偏肺病毒感染导致的发热、呼吸急促和呼吸困难症状较多，并发症以呼吸衰竭为主。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective: To statistics the incidence of pneumonia among hospitalized children aged 1-7 years in our hospital and analyze the viral pathogens. Methods: The clinical data of 8532 hospitalized children aged 1-7 years in Hebei Provincial People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were collected. The incidence of pneumonia and severe pneumonia in children of different age groups and the distribution characteristics of pneumonia in different seasons were analyzed. The symptoms and signs of hospitalized children with pneumonia caused by different viral pathogens were analyzed. The incidence of complications in hospitalized children with pneumonia were recorded. Results: Of the 8532 hospitalized children, 2476 children with pneumonia. The incidence of pneumonia and severe pneumonia in 1-year-old children were the highest, they were 54.67% (703/1286) and 1.14% (8/703) respectively. The incidence of pneumonia in 7-year-old children was the lowest, it was 12.52% (126/1006). The incidence of severe pneumonia at the age of 6 and 7 were 0.00%. The highest incidence of pneumonia in winter was 33.38% (724/2169). The incidence were similar in spring, summer and autumn. Virus etiology showed that at least one virus was positive in 2061 cases, and the positive rate was 83.24%. The proportion of fever, shortness of breath and dyspnea in adenovirus and metapneumovirus positive children were higher than that in other viruses. Among all kinds of various viral positive cases, the frequency of respiratory symptoms such as cough, expectoration and runny nose were similar. Respiratory failure was the main complication in hospitalized children,the ratio was 21.16%. Followed by heart failure, the ratio was 14.82%. The incidence of sepsis was 8.72%, the incidence of other complications were low. Conclusion: The incidence of pneumonia and severe pneumonia in hospitalized children aged 1-7 years in our hospital from 2015 to 2017 is the most common in 1 year old, and the incidence rate decreases with age, the most common in winter. Fever, shortness of breath and dyspnea caused by adenovirus and metapneumovirus infection are the most common viral pathogens, the respiratory failure is the main complication. |
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