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诱导多能干细胞（Induced pluripotent stem cells，iPSCs）是利用特定的转录因子诱导体细胞获得的，像胚胎干细胞一样，可以进行无限的自我更新，并具有分化成三个胚层的能力。iPSC 有可能提供无限的自体细胞治疗，目前研究已经证实，不同种类疾病的患者提供的成体细胞诱导后可产生种类繁多的iPSC，这项技术给目前无有效治疗手段的多类疾病带来了治疗的希望，并有可能避免利用胚胎干细胞（embryonic stemcells，ESCs）治疗面临的伦理问题和免疫排斥反应。本文回顾iPSC 技术优化过程，着重关注应用iPSC 建立细胞模型、进行细胞治疗的进展，并探讨iPSC 在基础研究及临床应用中遇到的挑战。

英文摘要:

Induced pluripotent stemcells (iPSCs) are generated by ectopic expression of defined transcription factors in somatic cells. They can undergo unlimited self-renewal and maintain the embryonic stem cells (ESCs)-like ability to differentiate into all three germ layers. IPSCs can potentially provide infinite autologous cells for therapy. So far, it has already been proved that iPSCs can be derived from patients with a large variety of diseases. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has shown us great hope to treat various human diseases which have been known as untreatable. At the same time, it further endows personalized medicine for future therapy without ethical issues and immunological rejections which embryonic stem cell (hES) treatment has faced. The advantages of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology are reviewed in this article that emphasizes on the progress of the establishment of induced pluripotent stem cell model and cell treatment additionally. Furthermore, the challenges which induced pluripotent stem cell faced in fundamental researches and clinical applications are also explored.

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